US Congress rejects constitutional amendment to restrict Supreme Court size

Ao vivo Clique aqui para pesquisar Inscreva-se Menu de navegação caret-left caret-right Notícias|Tribunais Congresso dos EUA rejeita emenda constitucional para restringir tamanho da Suprema Corte Republicano Mike Johnson critica democratas por votarem contra ‘defending the integrity’ da corte.

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Construção da Casa Branca em salão de baile de US$ 400m pode prosseguir, diz Suprema Corte dos EUA.

On Wednesday, the House of Representatives failed to advance a joint resolution championed by Republicans that would have permanently limited the court to its current number of justices: nine.

The amendment’s final vote, which was mostly along party lines, was 212 in favour and 206 opposed.

Uma maioria simples é necessária para aprovar a maioria da legislação na Câmara, mas emendas constitucionais exigem apoio de dois terços.

Representative Don Davis of North Carolina was the only Democrat to vote in support of the amendment, while independent Representative Kevin Kiley of California, who caucuses with Republicans, voted against it.

A votação ocorre um dia depois que a Câmara votou 220 a 192 a favor da adoção de uma resolução condenando o socialismo. Oito democratas se juntaram aos republicanos para avançar a medida.

US House Speaker Mike Johnson on Wednesday took to social media to chide Democrats who voted against the two bills.

Both efforts effectively amount to messaging exercises by Republicans, who are attempting to put their Democratic counterparts on the record as not denouncing socialism and any Supreme Court expansion.

The manoeuvres come less than two months before November’s pivotal midterm elections, which will decide which party controls the chambers of Congress.

Alguns democratas pediram a inclusão de juízes no mais alto tribunal do país para contrariar sua supermaioria conservadora. O processo, conhecido entre seus opositores como “court packing”, é controverso.

But support for the idea gained momentum after US President Donald Trump appointed three justices to the bench in his first term. That conservative-led court has since handed him a string of legal victories.

In April 2021, four Democrats in the US Congress introduced a bill that would have created a Supreme Court with 13 justices.

Eles afirmaram que “restauraria o equilíbrio ao mais alto tribunal do país após quatro anos de ações que violam normas por parte dos republicanos”.

The US Constitution establishes the Supreme Court but does not limit – or specify – its size, leaving the matter entirely to the nation’s lawmakers.

Em 1789, a Lei de Judiciário estabeleceu seis juízes: um presidente e cinco associados. O tribunal mudou de tamanho várias vezes no século seguinte. O número atual de assentos foi definido em 1869 e tem sido objeto de debate desde então.

The most famous attempt to change the court’s composition was under former President Franklin D Roosevelt.

After winning the 1936 election, Roosevelt proposed expanding the court, which would have added one justice for each justice over the age of 70, with a maximum of six additional justices.

Since then, advocacy groups, including the Brennan Center for Justice, have proposed structural changes to the court, such as term limits and ethics codes, while some Democratic lawmakers have unsuccessfully called for a Roosevelt-like expansion.

A questão ressurgiu na temporada de eleições de meio de mandato. Em uma entrevista à NBC News no mês passado, o senador demócrata Jim Clyburn da Carolina do Sul abraçou a ideia.

Former Vice President Kamala Harris, the 2024 Democratic presidential nominee, also suggested that Democrats should have a “real conversation” about “expanding the court to 13 justices”.

Mas os republicanos, incluindo o senador Chuck Grassley de Iowa, permaneceram firmemente contra.

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